The development of energy storage technologies is still in its early stages, and a series of policies have been formulated in China and abroad to support energy storage development. Compared to China, developed countries such as Europe, the United States, and Australia have more mature policies and business models related to energy storage. Furthermore, their energy storage projects have better economic efficiency. Mature market rules and good economic performance are more conducive to the healthy and sustainable development of the energy storage industry. Comparing energy storage policies and business models of China and foreign countries, and analyzing the energy storage development shortcomings in China, has essential reference significance for developing the energy storage industry in China. This article first introduces the relevant support policies in electricity prices, planning, financial and tax subsidies, market rules, etc., in Europe, the United States, and Australia, and analyzes the pre-meter and post-meter energy storage business models in major countries. Secondly, this article summarizes the relevant policies introduced by China in energy storage planning, participation in the electricity market, financial and tax subsidies, mandatory new energy storage, and electricity prices. Moreover, it analyzes the business models of new energy distribution and storage, user-side energy storage, controlling frequency of thermal energy storage, independent energy storage, and other scenarios. Finally, inspiration is drawn for China's energy storage policies and market mechanisms by comparing energy storage policies and business models of China and foreign countries. It is proposed that China should improve and optimize its energy storage policies by increasing financial and tax subsidies, reducing the forced energy storage allocation, accelerating the progress of energy storage contribution to the electricity spot market, and increasing the types of electricity market services in which energy storage can participate.

Keywords：new energy storage;policies;business models